Q30 Thinking of unofficial payments/gifts, which of the following payments you believe a business like yours would usually make at least once a year?
Economy	Total		To get connected or keep utility services, such as energy or water supply, etc.	To win public bidding	To deal with government inspections (health, safety, labour, fire, environmental, etc. inspections)	To deal with tax and customs administration	To deal with courts	To influence the content of new legislation, rules, decrees, etc.	DK/refuse
	N	%
Balkan Barometer 2024
Region	1200	100	13	21	29	22	8	6	46
Albania	200	17	17	16	13	23	1	7	51
Bosnia and Herzegovina	200	17	4	20	27	15	6	3	60
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	200	17	16	22	25	13	6	1	52
North Macedonia	200	17	12	13	35	22	17	13	34
Montenegro	200	17	15	20	27	24	5	3	54
Serbia	200	17	13	37	47	39	13	13	27

 

E31_1 To get connected to and maintain public services - Thinking now of unofficial payments/gifts that companies like yours would make in a given year, could you please tell me how often they would make payments/gifts for the following purposes?
Economy	Total		Never	Seldom	Frequently	Always	DK/refuse
	N	%
Balkan Barometer 2023
Region	1211	100	63	12	8	3	15
Albania	200	13	86	9	4	0	1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	200	18	51	13	16	0	20
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	210	7	98	1	0	0	0
North Macedonia	200	11	59	7	4	4	24
Montenegro	200	5	59	20	8	1	14
Serbia	201	45	56	14	7	5	18
Balkan Barometer 2022
Region	1203	100	46	21	12	5	15
Albania	200	13	82	12	1	1	5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	200	18	35	28	20	2	15
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	200	7	61	16	18	1	2
North Macedonia	202	11	74	9	2	0	14
Montenegro	200	5	34	19	13	2	33
Serbia	201	45	32	25	13	10	19
Balkan Barometer 2021
Region	1200	100	47	21	13	1	19
Albania	200	17	68	19	6	2	7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	200	17	26	26	31	2	16
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	200	17	76	9	7	1	8
North Macedonia	200	17	58	19	6	0	17
Montenegro	200	17	35	17	13	2	34
Serbia	200	17	20	36	15	0	30
Balkan Barometer 2020
Region	1215	100	59	15	8	1	17
Albania	203	13	81	14	2	2	1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	206	18	51	19	6	1	22
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	200	7	65	12	16	1	7
North Macedonia	200	11	60	11	2	0	26
Montenegro	205	5	44	23	8	2	22
Serbia	201	45	56	15	10	0	19
Balkan Barometer 2019
Region	1.271	100	63	14	9	2	12
Albania	221	13	67	14	7	3	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	208	19	55	24	12	0	8
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	208	7	69	9	16	1	6
North Macedonia	202	43	62	13	11	1	13
Montenegro	227	5	49	13	8	5	26
Serbia	205	12	76	12	4	2	6
Balkan Barometer 2018
Region	1.203	100	59	15	8	2	17
Albania	200	13	79	14	5	0	3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	201	19	64	10	3	1	21
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	200	7	49	18	22	2	11
North Macedonia	200	12	81	8	4	0	8
Montenegro	199	5	41	20	22	1	17
Serbia	203	43	49	18	8	2	23
Balkan Barometer 2017
Region	1.430		65	18	7	1	9
Albania	200		58	29	11	0	3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	200		53	18	5	3	21
Croatia	204		91	5	1	0	2
Kosovo*	200		30	60	9	0	2
North Macedonia	203		67	18	11	1	2
Montenegro	209		35	17	11	1	35
Serbia	221		47	24	14	1	14
Balkan Barometer 2016
Region	1.404	100	66	14	7	2	10
Albania	116	8	34	40	13	10	2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	161	11	77	6	3	0	13
Croatia	521	37	84	8	1	1	4
Kosovo*	64	5	36	45	17	2	1
North Macedonia	92	7	65	11	9	2	14
Montenegro	40	3	51	5	5	1	36
Serbia	410	29	55	15	11	2	17
Balkan Barometer 2015
Region	1404	100	79	10	3	1	7
Albania	116	8	64	27	9	2	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	161	11	79	10	3	1	8
Croatia	521	37	86	6	2		5
Kosovo*	64	5	69	15	6	6	6
North Macedonia	92	7	66	17	2	1	15
Montenegro	40	3	84	7	2	1	7
Serbia	410	29	78	10	3	0	10

 

E31_2 To obtain business licenses and permits - Thinking now of unofficial payments/gifts that companies like yours would make in a given year, could you please tell me how often they would make payments/gifts for the following purposes?
Economy	Total		Never	Seldom	Frequently	Always	DK/refuse
	N	%
Balkan Barometer 2023
Region	1211	100	60	10	11	3	16
Albania	200	13	80	10	7	3	2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	200	18	42	12	26	0	19
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	210	7	99	1	0	0	0
North Macedonia	200	11	47	14	15	0	23
Montenegro	200	5	64	17	8	1	12
Serbia	201	45	57	9	7	4	21
Balkan Barometer 2022
Region	1203	100	41	23	15	5	16
Albania	200	13	62	19	11	4	5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	200	18	29	26	28	3	13
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	200	7	63	15	15	3	4
North Macedonia	202	11	61	11	9	1	16
Montenegro	200	5	34	17	19	2	30
Serbia	201	45	32	28	13	7	20
Balkan Barometer 2021
Region	1200	100	44	21	17	2	17
Albania	200	17	55	27	8	2	8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	200	17	25	23	36	4	13
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	200	17	75	11	5	1	8
North Macedonia	200	17	51	21	19	2	9
Montenegro	200	17	35	17	14	3	32
Serbia	200	17	23	26	20	2	30
Balkan Barometer 2020
Region	1215	100	52	18	11	2	17
Albania	203	13	75	12	11	0	1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	206	18	45	17	11	5	22
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	200	7	59	16	16	3	8
North Macedonia	200	11	49	16	11	0	24
Montenegro	205	5	39	15	21	3	21
Serbia	201	45	49	20	10	1	19
Balkan Barometer 2019
Region	1.271	100	58	14	11	3	14
Albania	221	13	60	16	9	3	12
Bosnia and Herzegovina	208	19	54	20	19	1	6
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	208	7	69	9	8	5	9
North Macedonia	202	43	49	19	10	2	21
Montenegro	227	5	45	9	12	7	27
Serbia	205	12	73	9	9	1	8
Balkan Barometer 2018
Region	1.203	100	50	17	13	2	18
Albania	200	13	80	15	4	0	2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	201	19	60	5	10	3	21
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	200	7	39	21	27	2	12
North Macedonia	200	12	71	14	4	2	10
Montenegro	199	5	41	21	15	7	17
Serbia	203	43	34	24	17	1	24
Balkan Barometer 2017
Region	1.430		60	17	13	1	8
Albania	200		54	30	14	1	3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	200		51	15	10	2	22
Croatia	204		88	8	1	0	2
Kosovo*	200		47	47	5	0	2
North Macedonia	203		54	30	13	3	0
Montenegro	209		34	20	11	2	33
Serbia	221		35	19	33	2	11
Balkan Barometer 2016
Region	1.404	100	64	13	11	3	9
Albania	116	8	40	22	24	14	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	161	11	73	5	7	2	13
Croatia	521	37	84	7	3	1	4
Kosovo*	64	5	38	42	14	6	1
North Macedonia	92	7	65	10	9	3	14
Montenegro	40	3	44	13	6	2	35
Serbia	410	29	47	16	21	1	14
Balkan Barometer 2015
Region	1404	100	75	12	5	1	8
Albania	116	8	61	30	7	2	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	161	11	72	11	7	4	8
Croatia	521	37	81	9	4		5
Kosovo*	64	5	64	20	7	7	4
North Macedonia	92	7	62	15	8	1	16
Montenegro	40	3	76	12	5	1	7
Serbia	410	29	76	9	3	0	12

 

E31_3 To obtain government contracts - Thinking now of unofficial payments/gifts that companies like yours would make in a given year, could you please tell me how often they would make payments/gifts for the following purposes?
Economy	Total		Never	Seldom	Frequently	Always	DK/refuse
	N	%
Balkan Barometer 2023
Region	1211	100	59	8	10	4	18
Albania	200	13	75	8	7	3	8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	200	18	41	6	24	5	23
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	210	7	98	1	0	0	1
North Macedonia	200	11	55	8	9	2	26
Montenegro	200	5	65	16	8	1	12
Serbia	201	45	56	9	7	6	21
Balkan Barometer 2022
Region	1203	100	41	19	18	5	17
Albania	200	13	61	12	17	6	6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	200	18	32	25	26	3	13
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	200	7	70	12	13	2	3
North Macedonia	202	11	67	8	5	1	18
Montenegro	200	5	36	18	13	3	32
Serbia	201	45	28	22	21	6	22
Balkan Barometer 2021
Region	1200	100	46	18	16	2	19
Albania	200	17	59	21	9	1	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	200	17	20	20	41	5	16
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	200	17	76	10	6	1	9
North Macedonia	200	17	57	13	12	4	15
Montenegro	200	17	38	16	14	2	31
Serbia	200	17	25	26	15	3	32
Balkan Barometer 2020
Region	1215	100	50	15	12	4	18
Albania	203	13	71	10	10	3	5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	206	18	43	15	13	8	21
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	200	7	63	13	14	2	9
North Macedonia	200	11	50	9	11	2	29
Montenegro	205	5	37	20	17	5	20
Serbia	201	45	45	18	13	4	19
Balkan Barometer 2019
Region	1.271	100	57	13	10	3	16
Albania	221	13	58	12	9	2	18
Bosnia and Herzegovina	208	19	47	20	19	6	7
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	208	7	71	8	7	1	13
North Macedonia	202	43	49	14	14	2	21
Montenegro	227	5	43	17	7	6	27
Serbia	205	12	78	5	6	3	9
Balkan Barometer 2018
Region	1.203	100	49	15	14	3	19
Albania	200	13	79	12	5	1	5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	201	19	55	8	9	6	21
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	200	7	45	9	27	6	15
North Macedonia	200	12	70	10	5	2	15
Montenegro	199	5	40	15	19	8	18
Serbia	203	43	34	21	19	2	24
Balkan Barometer 2017
Region	1.430		57	16	14	3	10
Albania	200		51	19	16	8	8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	200		50	9	13	5	23
Croatia	204		84	9	2	0	4
Kosovo*	200		43	47	9	0	2
North Macedonia	203		54	23	13	4	6
Montenegro	209		35	18	11	3	33
Serbia	221		31	19	32	4	14
Balkan Barometer 2016
Region	1.404	100	58	11	14	5	11
Albania	116	8	38	14	21	20	5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	161	11	72	5	7	2	14
Croatia	521	37	79	7	5	3	5
Kosovo*	64	5	37	35	20	6	3
North Macedonia	92	7	62	6	7	4	22
Montenegro	40	3	43	8	7	4	36
Serbia	410	29	37	15	27	5	15
Balkan Barometer 2015
Region	1404	100	75	10	4	3	8
Albania	116	8	65	26	7	2	1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	161	11	78	8	3	3	9
Croatia	521	37	79	7	5	2	5
Kosovo*	64	5	71	12	7	5	7
North Macedonia	92	7	62	13	5	2	20
Montenegro	40	3	75	10	4	2	9
Serbia	410	29	75	8	3	3	12

 

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E31_5 To deal with labour inspections- Thinking now of unofficial payments/gifts that companies like yours would make in a given year, could you please tell me how often they would make payments/gifts for the following purposes?
Economy	Total		Never	Seldom	Frequently	Always	DK/refuse
	N	%
Balkan Barometer 2023
Region	1211	100	58	13	11	3	14
Albania	200	13	80	16	3	0	2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	200	18	40	16	24	2	19
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	210	7	98	1	0	0	0
North Macedonia	200	11	44	17	13	1	24
Montenegro	200	5	62	15	10	3	11
Serbia	201	45	56	11	10	6	17
Balkan Barometer 2022
Region	1203	100	43	21	20	3	14
Albania	200	13	65	23	8	0	5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	200	18	39	13	30	5	13
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	200	7	65	13	16	2	3
North Macedonia	202	11	58	19	6	1	16
Montenegro	200	5	38	12	22	2	28
Serbia	201	45	30	27	23	3	17
Balkan Barometer 2021
Region	1200	100	44	20	18	2	16
Albania	200	17	53	26	12	3	8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	200	17	28	20	37	5	11
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	200	17	76	8	6	2	9
North Macedonia	200	17	48	23	16	3	11
Montenegro	200	17	36	18	13	2	32
Serbia	200	17	26	24	24	1	26
Balkan Barometer 2020
Region	1215	100	50	17	12	2	18
Albania	203	13	77	16	5	1	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	206	18	43	17	13	4	22
Croatia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	200	7	61	15	16	2	8
North Macedonia	200	11	50	15	7	1	26
Montenegro	205	5	41	20	13	3	23
Serbia	201	45	45	19	14	2