Economy	Total		Online social networks	Non-governmental organisations	Journalists	Press and broadcasting management	EU institutions	National authorities	Citizens themselves	Others	All of them	None	DK/refuse
Q41 News or information that misrepresent reality or that are even false are called “fake news”. Which 3 (three) of the following institutions and media actors should act to stop the spread of fake news?
Economy	N	%	Online social networks	Non-governmental organisations	Journalists	Press and broadcasting management	EU institutions	National authorities	Citizens themselves	Others	All of them	None	DK/refuse
Securimeter 2023
Western Balkans	6023	100	45	20	46	47	16	35	26	0	9	0	3
Albania	1002	17	37	12	36	46	14	30	36	0	18	0	1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1005	17	56	15	50	51	11	36	29	0	9	0	1
Kosovo*	1000	17	18	43	41	46	42	37	19	0	1	0	4
North Macedonia	1003	17	43	15	38	30	11	31	21	0	14	1	5
Montenegro	1010	14	61	18	48	52	8	34	26	0	6	1	5
Serbia	1003	17	57	15	61	59	8	42	22	0	4	0	1
Securimeter 2022
Western Balkans	6041	100	39	20	48	46	18	38	28	0	7	1	3
Albania	1004	17	39	10	45	46	15	42	20	0	13	0	1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1016	17	37	21	47	58	24	53	31	0	0	1	2
Kosovo*	1000	17	37	39	49	34	30	20	25	0	8	0	4
North Macedonia	1013	17	43	11	47	27	9	30	30	1	17	1	2
Montenegro	1007	17	42	24	47	44	20	45	29	0	0	2	5
Serbia	1001	17	38	18	55	68	10	36	30	0	3	1	7
Securimeter 2021
Western Balkans	6046	100	36	19	46	44	18	34	16	1	19	1	2
Albania	1016	17	30	8	38	42	16	45	17	0	28	0	1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1015	17	33	16	43	52	25	45	23	0	6	2	1
Kosovo*	1004	17	31	16	47	61	49	41	12	0	8	0	0
North Macedonia	1007	17	35	7	27	20	5	14	18	3	44	1	1
Montenegro	1001	17	59	53	71	38	8	26	2	0	8	0	3
Serbia	1003	17	31	12	48	49	7	35	22	1	20	2	4

Economy	Total		Online anonyms social networks	Online social networks	Non-governmental organisations	Journalists	Press and broadcasting management	Political parties	Politicians	International organisations	Hostile foreign actors	Social media influencers	Citizens themselves	Other	All of them	None	DK/refuse
Q42 In your opinion, which are the actors who spread disinformation the most in your economy?
Economy	N	%	Online anonyms social networks	Online social networks	Non-governmental organisations	Journalists	Press and broadcasting management	Political parties	Politicians	International organisations	Hostile foreign actors	Social media influencers	Citizens themselves	Other	All of them	None	DK/refuse
Securimeter 2023
Western Balkans	6023	100	46		15	44	33	34	38	13	17	15		0	12	0	3
Albania	1002	17	75		12	53	29	34	37	3	25	30		0	7	0	1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1005	17	52		8	45	37	32	40	9	14	12		0	18	0	1
Kosovo*	1000	17	10		31	40	38	39	38	39	22	6		0	1	0	3
North Macedonia	1003	17	40		14	39	23	32	32	14	15	11		0	15	0	6
Montenegro	1010	14	54		9	37	32	30	32	6	12	16		0	15	0	6
Serbia	1003	17	48		15	52	41	38	45	8	14	16		0	14	0	1
Securimeter 2022
Western Balkans	6041	100		44	15	46	33						32	0	16	3	3
Albania	1004	17		73	16	54	30						41	0	10	0	1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1016	17		35	10	39	36						34	1	23	1	1
Kosovo*	1000	17		39	39	62	33						34	0	6	1	4
North Macedonia	1013	17		54	8	50	24						37	1	19	1	2
Montenegro	1007	17		38	12	40	36						27	0	3	18	7
Serbia	1001	17		25	7	32	36						16	0	33	1	6